Wetlands are defined by the saturation of their soils, classifying them as unique aquatic and terrestrial interfaces critical to global ecological function. These environments exhibit specific hydrological regimes characterized by the periodic or permanent presence of standing water, which profoundly influences soil chemistry and microbial activity. Functionally, wetlands play a vital role in natural purification processes, acting as significant sinks for excess nutrients and pollutants through biogeochemical filtration. Furthermore, they are crucial components of the global water cycle, regulating regional runoff and providing extensive habitats that support high levels of biodiversity across multiple trophic levels.