Vitamins are essential micronutrients, defined as organic compounds required by living organisms in trace amounts to maintain normal metabolic function and physiological processes. They are critical cofactors involved in numerous biochemical reactions, including energy production, enzyme function, and the proper maintenance of cellular structures. Biologically, they are broadly categorized based on their solubility: water-soluble vitamins, such as the B complex and Vitamin C, are readily excreted and require consistent dietary intake, while fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) are absorbed via the lipid system and can be stored in the body's fatty tissues. Adequate dietary intake is necessary because the body lacks the mechanisms to synthesize most vitamins, making proper nutrition vital for health and systemic function.