Urea is an organic compound, chemically defined as carbamide ($\text{NH}_2\text{CONH}_2$), that plays significant roles in both biological and industrial chemistry. Biologically, it is a common end product of nitrogenous waste metabolism in many organisms, formed when excess nitrogen from protein breakdown is processed. The compound is excreted via waste elimination pathways, acting as a primary nitrogen-carrying waste product. Industrially, urea is widely utilized as a nitrogen-based fertilizer, supplying essential nutrients that promote plant growth in agriculture. Furthermore, its chemical properties allow it to serve as a crucial feedstock and reagent in various large-scale chemical synthesis processes.