A tropical cyclone is a large-scale, rotating weather system characterized by a distinct low-pressure center and spiraling air circulation. These powerful storms typically form over warm tropical or subtropical waters when conditions are favorable, requiring high sea surface temperatures and minimal vertical wind shear. The energy source for the cyclone is the heat released through the condensation of water vapor, driving the system's sustained rotation. Key components include intense surface winds, periods of heavy rainfall, and a potential storm surge, which represents an abnormal rise of water generated by the storm's strong winds and low pressure. The classification and intensity of these systems depend on their sustained wind speeds.