A steppe is a type of temperate grassland characterized by a semi-arid climate and typically seasonal rainfall. Ecologically, these biomes are defined by deep, nutrient-rich soils and a characteristic vegetation cover dominated by grasses, interspersed with drought-tolerant forbs. Due to the limited precipitation and the prevalence of strong seasonal temperature fluctuations, the steppes support distinct ecological processes and unique biodiversity adapted to grazing pressures and periodic drought. The physical environment of a steppe often involves wind erosion and dramatic temperature gradients, contributing to the formation of specialized soil profiles and supporting diverse faunal life that includes species adapted for open habitats.