Roadways are engineered transportation corridors designed to facilitate the movement of people and goods over terrain. Their construction involves complex civil and materials engineering principles, requiring careful consideration of load bearing, drainage management, and geotechnical stability. Modern roadways utilize a composite structure, typically incorporating a base layer of aggregates, a structural binder, and a surface layer made of materials such as asphalt concrete or Portland cement concrete. The design must account for regional climatic variations, including freeze-thaw cycles, and the sustained abrasive stress caused by vehicular traffic, while also integrating storm water runoff systems to maintain structural integrity and operational safety.