Refrigeration is a physical process used to remove heat from a system, resulting in a localized drop in temperature. This technology relies on the principles of thermodynamics, specifically utilizing phase transitions—such as the liquid to gas change of a refrigerant—to absorb thermal energy from the cooler space. Compression refrigeration cycles typically involve four main components: a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator. The work input is used to compress the refrigerant, which increases its pressure and temperature. This high-energy fluid then releases heat to the surroundings in the condenser, cools down, and expands through the valve, undergoing a rapid phase change that absorbs ambient heat and transfers it out of the system, thereby maintaining a desired low temperature.