A pulsar is a type of highly magnetized, rapidly rotating neutron star that emits beams of electromagnetic radiation. These beams, which can include radio waves, X-rays, and gamma rays, are beamed out from the stellar poles and sweep across space like a lighthouse. As the star rotates, the beams periodically cross the line of sight to Earth, resulting in the detection of highly regular pulses. The observable pulse frequency is directly related to the star's rotation rate and magnetic field strength. These celestial objects provide crucial tools for astrophysical study, allowing astronomers to probe the composition and extreme physical conditions of compact stellar remnants.