A planetary nebula is a spectacular astronomical phenomenon consisting of expanding gas and plasma ejected from a low-to-intermediate-mass star during its final evolutionary stages. This stellar material is shed into the surrounding interstellar medium by the star's dying outer layers. As the expelled material drifts outward, it is energized and illuminated by the intense ultraviolet radiation emitted by the hot, exposed core of the star, which is typically a white dwarf remnant. The interaction of the stellar wind with the surrounding shell of gas and dust causes the material to glow across various spectral lines, creating intricate and often symmetrical structures. The eventual dissipation of the nebula and the remnant core mark the conclusion of the star’s visible life cycle.