Nuclear physics is the branch of science concerned with the structure and interactions of atomic nuclei. It investigates the fundamental forces that bind nucleons, namely protons and neutrons, together within the nucleus. The field explores concepts such as radioactive decay, nuclear fission, and nuclear fusion, which are processes that involve changes in the atomic nucleus and the release of immense amounts of energy. Understanding these processes requires analyzing the strong and weak nuclear forces. The applications of nuclear physics are diverse, contributing to technologies used in areas such as medical diagnostics, advanced material science, and the generation of power.