Mumps is a highly contagious systemic illness caused by a paramyxovirus, primarily affecting the salivary glands. Clinical manifestations are characterized by parotitis, resulting in noticeable swelling and tenderness of the glands located in the cheeks and jaw. Systemic symptoms often include fever, headache, general malaise, and fatigue. While many cases are self-limiting, the virus can potentially lead to complications involving other tissues, such as inflammation of the testes or, less commonly, meningoencephalitis. Prevention is widely managed through vaccination programs, and treatment generally focuses on supportive care to manage symptoms and alleviate discomfort.