Meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. This condition can arise due to various pathogens, most commonly bacteria, but it can also be caused by viruses or fungi. Clinical symptoms often include fever, severe headache, and signs of meningeal irritation, such as neck stiffness. Diagnosis usually involves evaluating cerebrospinal fluid, which helps determine the causative agent and thus dictates treatment. Management is highly dependent on the underlying etiology, ranging from administering antibiotics for bacterial forms to providing supportive care for viral cases.