Medical ultrasound is a diagnostic imaging technique that employs high-frequency sound waves—well above the range of human hearing—to visualize internal body structures. The procedure involves transmitting these sound pulses into the body, where the waves encounter interfaces between different tissues and fluids. When the sound waves strike these boundaries, they are reflected back as echoes. These returning echoes are received by the transducer, which then translates the received signals into real-time images. Different tissues reflect sound echoes with varying intensities, allowing the machine to generate cross-sectional images that provide information about organ size, structure, and the detection of abnormalities, making it a fundamental non-invasive tool in clinical medicine.