Marble is a metamorphic rock that forms when limestone, a sedimentary rock primarily composed of calcium carbonate ($\text{CaCO}_3$), is subjected to intense heat and pressure. This process of metamorphism recrystallizes the original mineral structure, resulting in a crystalline material that is mechanically distinct from its parent rock. Because of its inherent composition, marble often exhibits variations in color and veining due to differing mineral impurities and metamorphic conditions. Historically, it has been valued for its aesthetic qualities and its workability, leading to its use in architectural and decorative applications. Geologically, its study provides insight into regional tectonic activity and the pressure-temperature history of the crust through which it has traveled.