Lead (Pb) is a dense, soft, post-transition metal element with a long history of use in industrial and decorative applications, notably in alloys and shielding materials. From a physiological standpoint, lead is classified as a systemic toxicant, meaning it can interfere with multiple bodily functions. Chronic exposure can disrupt essential metabolic processes by mimicking or interfering with other necessary metal ions, such as calcium, iron, and zinc. These biochemical interactions can lead to adverse effects, particularly impacting the central and peripheral nervous systems and the developing skeletal structure. Due to its toxicity, regulatory measures are in place to minimize environmental exposure sources.