An impact event refers to a high-energy collision between celestial bodies, such as an asteroid or comet, and a planetary or planetary satellite surface. The resulting physical processes involve the rapid transfer of enormous amounts of kinetic energy, generating intense heat, powerful shockwaves, and massive amounts of vaporized rock and debris. These impacts can create transient cavities and displace significant volumes of crustal material, leading to the formation of large impact structures, or craters, characterized by uplifted rims and centralized depressions. The immediate aftermath often includes the global dispersal of pulverized ejecta, atmospheric disturbances, and potentially severe, regionally or globally scaled environmental changes driven by mega-tsunamis or atmospheric effects.