Holography is a light recording technique that captures and reconstructs three-dimensional images by recording both the intensity and the phase information of light. The process involves creating an interference pattern by intersecting a coherent light beam with the light scattered by the object, thereby encoding the complex wave characteristics onto a medium. Unlike traditional photography, which only records the light intensity, the resulting hologram contains the detailed spatial information necessary to reconstruct the object's depth and geometry. Viewing the reconstructed hologram requires specialized equipment to analyze the phase shifts, allowing the viewer to perceive a virtual image that appears to possess depth and three-dimensionality.