Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are extremely powerful, transient astronomical events characterized by a massive, sudden emission of high-energy gamma rays. These bursts are believed to originate from the cataclysmic processes involving the collapse or merger of extremely dense stellar objects, such as massive stars undergoing core collapse or the collision of compact remnants like neutron stars. The immense energy released is channeled into highly collimated, relativistic jets of matter and radiation, which propagate outward through space. The observed properties and decay profiles of these bursts allow astrophysicists to study extreme physics, the cosmic evolution of star formation, and the mechanisms of energy release in the most extreme environments within the cosmos.