Four-stroke engine

The four-stroke engine operates based on a thermodynamic cycle involving four distinct phases. The cycle begins with the intake stroke, during which the engine draws in a combustible mixture of air and fuel. Next, the compression stroke rapidly reduces the volume of this mixture, thereby increasing its pressure and temperature. The power stroke is generated when the compressed mixture ignites, causing a rapid expansion of gas that pushes the piston downward and performs mechanical work. The final phase is the exhaust stroke, which expels the spent combustion gases from the cylinder, preparing the engine to repeat the continuous cycle.