Fortification is the process of intentionally increasing the concentration of specific nutrients or beneficial compounds in a food product or material. In the context of nutrition, this involves adding essential vitamins and minerals to staple foods to combat widespread dietary deficiencies. Similarly, in material science and engineering, fortification refers to the structural reinforcement of a substance, such as concrete or polymers, by incorporating aggregate materials to improve strength, durability, or resilience against specific stresses. The effectiveness and method of fortification are determined by the chemical composition of the host material and the intended functional enhancement, making it a core principle in both public health and applied physical sciences.