The eye is a sophisticated sensory organ responsible for detecting light and transducing that energy into electrical signals for interpretation by the brain. Structurally, light enters the eye, passing through the protective outer layers and being refracted by the cornea and fine-tuned by the lens, which focuses the image onto the sensory tissue located at the back of the eye, known as the retina. The retina contains specialized photoreceptor cells, including rods and cones, which convert photons into chemical and electrical impulses. These electrical signals are then processed by complex neural layers within the retina itself before being transmitted along the optic nerve to the visual cortex in the brain, where the raw data is finally interpreted as coherent images.