Mass extinction events represent periods of profound and rapid biodiversity loss on Earth, characterized by the sudden disappearance of a significant proportion of global species. These catastrophic declines are generally triggered by major environmental disturbances, which can include massive shifts in global climate, significant changes in ocean chemistry, or large-scale geological events. Such events reshape the biological makeup of the planet, resulting in profound ecological restructuring. The loss of diverse life forms across multiple phyla indicates a planetary-scale stressor acting upon the global ecosystem, fundamentally altering the trajectory of life over geological time.