The exploration of Mars is a focus of planetary science that involves investigating the geological history, atmospheric composition, and potential habitability of the planet. Missions utilize a variety of sophisticated technologies, including orbiters that map the planet's global features, atmospheric probes that analyze atmospheric dynamics, and surface rovers designed for autonomous traversal and in-situ scientific analysis. These missions aim to characterize the distribution of minerals, study evidence of past liquid water, and search for signs of extant or extinct microbial life. The data gathered helps scientists understand the evolution of rocky planets within a star system, informing theories about planetary formation and the necessary conditions for life beyond Earth.