Endoscopy is a medical diagnostic and therapeutic procedure involving the visual examination of internal body cavities and tubular structures. The technique utilizes a flexible tube, known as an endoscope, which is equipped with a light source and a camera to transmit high-resolution images of internal mucosal linings. This minimal intervention approach allows clinicians to assess the health of organs, such as the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory airways, and urinary system, without requiring major surgery. Depending on the findings, the procedure may also allow for the collection of tissue samples, or biopsies, for microscopic analysis, or the removal of foreign materials or growths. Modern advancements have improved the visualization and scope of procedures, enabling precise diagnoses and immediate interventions in a non-surgical setting.