Electromagnetic induction is a fundamental principle of physics stating that a change in magnetic flux through a circuit will generate an electromotive force (EMF) and, consequently, an electric current within a conductor. This phenomenon occurs when a conductor is moved relative to a magnetic field, or when the strength of the magnetic field passing through the conductor is varied over time. The principle is the basis for the operation of electrical generators, which convert mechanical energy into electrical energy by rotating coils within a magnetic field. It is also crucial in the design of transformers, which utilize varying magnetic fields to efficiently step voltage levels up or down for various technological applications.