Colorectal cancer is a malignancy that arises from the cells lining the colon or rectum. The condition typically develops through the growth of polyps, which are localized growths of tissue that can, over time, become cancerous. The development process involves complex genetic alterations within the epithelial cells, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Early detection is critical, often facilitated by colonoscopy and screening tests designed to identify precancerous lesions before they become invasive. Treatment strategies vary based on the stage and type of cancer but commonly include surgical resection of the affected area, and sometimes systemic therapies such as chemotherapy or targeted agents to remove cancer cells throughout the body.