Cartilage is a specialized type of connective tissue found in the bodies of many animals, providing structural support and cushioning. It is characterized by a flexible matrix composed primarily of collagen and other proteins, which encases specialized cells called chondrocytes. Functionally, cartilage is crucial for the proper articulation of joints, minimizing friction and absorbing mechanical stress between bones. Different types of cartilage exist, such as hyaline cartilage, which is found at the ends of bones in joints and provides smooth gliding surfaces; elastic cartilage, which contains more elastin fibers allowing for greater flexibility, such as in the external ear; and fibrocartilage, which is highly resistant to compression and is often found in weight-bearing areas like the intervertebral discs.