A Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter formed when a dilute gas is cooled to temperatures incredibly close to absolute zero. In this state, a fraction of the atoms collapse into the lowest quantum mechanical energy level, causing them to behave as a single coherent quantum entity rather than as individual particles. This phenomenon is observable only for bosons, particles with integer spin. BECs are of immense interest in fundamental physics because they allow scientists to study quantum mechanics under controlled, macroscopic conditions. These superfluids are utilized in various advanced technological research areas, including the development of highly sensitive measurement devices and quantum computing prototypes, owing to their unique wave-like collective behavior.