A blazar is a highly luminous astrophysical source classified as a type of active galactic nucleus. These objects are characterized by the emission of intense, non-thermal radiation from a relativistic jet of particles originating from a supermassive black hole located at the center of a galaxy. The primary energy output is focused into a narrow beam that is directed nearly along the line of sight toward an observer on Earth. This geometric effect, known as Doppler boosting or beaming, causes the source to appear extraordinarily bright and variable. Blazar spectra span a vast range of the electromagnetic spectrum, emitting detectable radiation from radio waves up through X-rays and gamma rays, indicating the presence of powerful plasma processes within the jet itself.