Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. These symptoms typically interfere with functioning in multiple settings, such as academic, occupational, or social contexts. The disorder is believed to involve differences in brain structure and function, particularly related to executive functions such as impulse control, sustained attention, and working memory. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and careful evaluation of persistent symptoms that deviate from typical developmental levels. Management approaches are multifaceted and often involve behavioral modifications, structured interventions, and, when appropriate, pharmacological treatments designed to help regulate neurotransmitter levels.