Aquaculture refers to the farming of aquatic organisms, including fish, shellfish, algae, and aquatic plants, within controlled environments. This controlled cultivation method involves managing the rearing of biomass in tanks, ponds, raceways, or net pens. It represents a major global component of the food supply, complementing wild capture fisheries. The practice encompasses various techniques, such as mariculture (sea-based farming) and freshwater aquaculture, and focuses on optimizing conditions for growth while managing aspects like water quality, feed composition, and disease prevention. Modern aquaculture systems are critical components of sustainable food production efforts, aiming to meet increasing global demand for aquatic protein sources while mitigating the ecological pressures associated with solely relying on wild harvesting.