Alternating current (AC) is an electric current that periodically reverses direction and magnitude, typically generated by alternating electromotive force. This type of current has become the dominant method for power generation and transmission globally due to the inherent efficiency of voltage transformation. The ability of AC voltages to be easily stepped up or down using transformers allows electrical energy to be transmitted over extremely long distances with minimal power loss. While direct current (DC) is suitable for certain applications, AC networks facilitate the scalable distribution of electrical power grids by optimizing transmission efficiency and voltage management across varied geographic areas.