Acids are chemical substances defined by their tendency to donate protons ($\text{H}^+$) when dissolved in an aqueous solution, which results in a characteristic decrease in pH. Their strength varies, ranging from strong acids, which dissociate fully in water, to weak acids, which dissociate only partially. This chemical property makes acids fundamental components across various scientific disciplines. In chemistry, acids are integral to numerous reactions, including titrations and salt formation. Biologically, various acids facilitate essential metabolic processes and structural integrity within living systems. Industrially, acidic solutions are utilized in processes ranging from mineral extraction to battery manufacturing, demonstrating their broad and critical role in both natural and technological cycles.